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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Ignite vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. H2 vs. Ignite vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.h2database.comignite.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlapacheignite.readme.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperElasticThomas MuellerApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2010200520151989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release8.6, January 20232.2.220, July 2023Apache Ignite 2.616.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, Java, .NetCClojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyesyes (cache interceptors and events)yesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes (replicated cache)Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectornoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ElasticsearchH2IgnitePostgreSQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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