DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. GridGain vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset
System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. GridGain vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL vs. Rockset
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| Name | Elasticsearch Xexclude from comparison | GridGain Xexclude from comparison | Memcached Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Rockset Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene  Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric | GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache Ignite | In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Search engine | Key-value store Relational DBMS | Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Relational DBMS Search engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | www.gridgain.com | www.memcached.org | www.postgresql.org | rockset.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html | www.gridgain.com/docs/index.html | github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki | www.postgresql.org/docs | docs.rockset.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Elastic | GridGain Systems, Inc. | Danga Interactive originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Rockset | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2010 | 2007 | 2003 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.6, January 2023 | GridGain 8.5.1 | 1.6.25, March 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Elastic License | commercial | Open Source BSD license | Open Source BSD | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | Java | Java, C++, .Net | C | C | C++ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | All OS with a Java VM | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD Linux OS X Unix Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | hosted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent | yes | schema-free | yes | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | no | yes | dynamic typing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no ingestion from XML files supported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | yes | no | yes | all fields are automatically indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like query language | ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL | no | yes standard with numerous extensions | Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | HDFS API Hibernate JCache JDBC ODBC Proprietary protocol RESTful HTTP API Spring Data | Proprietary protocol | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | HTTP REST | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net Groovy Community Contributed Clients Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | C# C++ Java PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net C C++ ColdFusion Erlang Java Lisp Lua OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead) | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes by using the 'percolation' feature | yes (cache interceptors and events) | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding | none | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Automatic sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | yes (replicated cache) | none Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | ES-Hadoop Connector | yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator) | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID | no | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | Memcached and Redis integration | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Security Hooks for custom implementations | yes using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elasticsearch | GridGain | Memcached | PostgreSQL | Rockset | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking | Redis extends the lead in the DB-Engines key-value store ranking New DB-Engines Ranking shows the popularity of database management systems | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conferences, events and webinars | Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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