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DBMS > Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. PlanetScale vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HBase vs. PlanetScale vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonPlanetScale  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableScalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of VitessTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelSearch engineKey-value store
Wide column store
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score1.49
Rank#155  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­bigtablehbase.apache.orgplanetscale.compingcap.com
Technical documentationwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docshbase.apache.org/­book.htmlplanetscale.com/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperElasticGoogleApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetPlanetScalePingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20102015200820202016
Current release8.6, January 20232.3.4, January 20218.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaJavaGoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Docker
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnooptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexednonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenonoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languages.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infoCoprocessors in Javayes infoproprietary syntaxno
Triggersyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsES-Hadoop Connectoryesyesnoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID at shard levelACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationnoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtableHBasePlanetScaleTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
ElasticsearchGoogle Cloud BigtableHBasePlanetScaleTiDB
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