DBMS > Ehcache vs. eXtremeDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Ehcache vs. eXtremeDB vs. H2 vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.89
Rank	#67	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	44.46
Rank	#23	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Website

www.ehcache.org

www.mcobject.com

www.h2database.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

neo4j.com

Technical documentation

www.ehcache.org/documentation

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

neo4j.com/docs

Developer

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

McObject

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Neo4j, Inc.

Initial release

2009

2001

2005

1989

2007

Current release

3.10.0, March 2022

8.2, 2021

2.2.220, July 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

5.19, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

C++

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JCache

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

by defining events

yes

via event handler

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

horizontal partitioning / sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

yes using Neo4j Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

by using Terracotta Server

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more

News

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