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DBMS > EXASOL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison EXASOL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#124  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitewww.exasol.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.comwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationwww.exasol.com/­resourceswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.stardog.combytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperExasolPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.Stardog-UnionByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20001989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420102016
Current release16.2, February 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesJava
Lua
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyesyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoHadoop integrationnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
EXASOLPostgreSQLSnowflakeStardogTerarkDB
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