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DBMS > EJDB vs. Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison EJDB vs. Immudb vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEJDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.27
Rank#297  Overall
#44  Document stores
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdbgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­Softmotions/­ejdb/­blob/­master/­README.mddocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperSoftmotionsCodenotaryBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20122020199920102004
Current release1.2.3, April 2022V8.0, August 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCGoC and JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, integer, double, bool, date, object_idyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like syntaxStandard with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsin-process shared librarygRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsTransact SQLyes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesyes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infotypically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possiblenoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoRead/Write Lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
EJDBImmudbKingbaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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