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DBMS > EDB Postgres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SpaceTime vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison EDB Postgres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SpaceTime vs. Teradata

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameEDB Postgres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionThe EDB Postgres Platform is an enterprise-class data management platform based on the open source database PostgreSQL with flexible deployment options and Oracle compatibility features, complemented by tool kits for management, integration, and migration.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.A hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.90
Rank#135  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.enterprisedb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.teradata.com
Technical documentationwww.enterprisedb.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.teradata.com
DeveloperEnterpriseDBMicrosoftMicrosoftMireoTeradata
Initial release20052019201620201984
Current release14, December 2021cloud service with continuous releasesTeradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoBSD for PostgreSQL-componentscommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
hostedhostedLinuxhosted
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
C#
C++
Python
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoby hash, list or rangeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningFixed-grid hypercubesSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesReal-time block device replication (DRBD)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
EDB PostgresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSpaceTimeTeradata
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