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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. OrientDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. OrientDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlorientdb.orgwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperOracleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2018201120102014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release0.10, February 202423.3, December 20233.2.29, March 202410 R1, October 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaCC
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptionalyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APITinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava, Javascriptuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnonoHooksyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnowith Hadoop integrationno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infooff heap cachenono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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DuckDBOracle NoSQLOrientDBPostgres-XLPostgreSQL
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