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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQLObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sqlwww.timescale.comwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.timescale.comvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperMicrosoftApache Software FoundationTimescaleParadigma Software
Initial release20182010201420171999
Current release0.10, February 2024V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.15.0, May 20245.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++ScalaC
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntaxyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shellyes
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark Coreyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQLTimescaleDBValentina Server
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