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DBMS > DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SQLite vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SQLite vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.mcobject.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.sqlite.orggithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperMcObjectMicrosoftDwayne Richard HippTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20182001201020002019
Current release1.0.0, June 20248.2, 2021V123.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 20243.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++C++CC
Server operating systemsserver-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
hostedserver-lessLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infodynamic column typesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces availableyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesTransact SQLnono
Triggersnoyes infoby defining eventsyesyesyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning / shardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yes, with always 3 replicas availablenoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSQLiteTDengine
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more
High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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3rd partiesNavicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
DuckDBeXtremeDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSQLiteTDengine
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