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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. SAP IQ vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. SAP IQ vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn-orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmlspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.nebula-graph.iohelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftVesoft Inc.SAP, formerly SybaseApache Software Foundation
Initial release20182010201919942014
Current release0.10, February 2024V1216.1 SPS04, April 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++Scala
Server operating systemsserver-lesshostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesSQL-like query languageyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functionsyesno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexeryes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSAP/Sybase Replication Servernone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoHadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNebulaGraphSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQSpark SQL
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