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DBMS > DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. MaxDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. LevelDB vs. MaxDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbmaxdb.sap.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP
Initial release2018201119841989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release0.10, February 20241.23, February 20217.9.10.12, February 202416.3, May 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++C
Server operating systemsserver-lessIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

More information provided by the system vendor

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