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DBMS > DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orggithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comtempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsdocs.keydb.devdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftStardog-UnionTempoIQ
Initial release20182019201020102012
Current release0.10, February 2024V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoBSD-3commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuaTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnonoyesyes infovia event handlersyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnosimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolessimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
DuckDBKeyDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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