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DBMS > DuckDB vs. H2 vs. JaguarDB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. H2 vs. JaguarDB vs. NSDb vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonJaguarDB  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Performant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applicationsScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Vector DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.61
Rank#60  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
#16  Vector DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteduckdb.orgwww.h2database.comwww.jaguardb.comnsdb.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.jaguardb.com/­support.htmlnsdb.io/­Architecturewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperThomas MuellerDataJaguar, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20182005201520171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.0, June 20242.2.220, July 20233.3 July 202316.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPL V3.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++JavaC++ infothe server part. Clients available in other languagesJava, ScalaC
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMLinuxLinux
macOS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infobut no views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
JavaC
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DuckDBH2JaguarDBNSDbPostgreSQL
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
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