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DBMS > DuckDB vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison DuckDB vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteduckdb.orggeode.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comtempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationduckdb.org/­docsgeode.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.MicrosoftStardog-UnionTempoIQ
Initial release20182002201020102012
Current release0.10, February 20241.1, February 2017V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsserver-lessAll OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (OQL)yesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersnoyes infoCache Event Listenersyesyes infovia event handlersyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes, on a single nodeACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights per client and object definablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolessimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
DuckDBGeodeMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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