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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websitedgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorigodb.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerorigodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSTS Soft SC
Initial release201620192009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2011
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 20244.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
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Implementation languageGoC#CC#
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoDomain Eventsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonodepending on modelyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrigoDBPostgreSQLSTSdb
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