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DBMS > Dgraph vs. LMDB vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. LMDB vs. NuoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitedgraph.iowww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.postgresql.orgquestdb.io
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docswww.lmdb.tech/­docdoc.nuodb.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.SymasDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release2016201120131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release0.9.32, January 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCC++CJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via Raftnoneyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tablenoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesnoStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
DgraphLMDBNuoDBPostgreSQLQuestDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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