DBMS > Dgraph vs. HBase vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. HBase vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

hbase.apache.org

janusgraph.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

docs.janusgraph.org

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Microsoft

Initial release

2016

2008

2017

1989

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

0.6.3, February 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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