DBMS > Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Widely used RDBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.graphengine.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.oracle.com/database

trino.io

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.oracle.com/en/database

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Oracle

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2010

2016

1980

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

.NET and C

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

.NET

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

C#
Java
PHP

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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News

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8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

Time travel in Delta Lake connector
11 April 2024

58: Understanding your users with Trino and Mitzu
4 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.