DBMS > Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Widely used RDBMS

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	1.87
Rank	#136	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

dgraph.io

www.graphengine.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.oracle.com/database

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.oracle.com/en/database

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Oracle

Tobias Oetiker

Initial release

2016

2010

2016

1980

1999

Current release

23c, September 2023

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

.NET and C

C++

C and C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

.NET

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

in-process shared library
Pipes

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

C#
Java
PHP

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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