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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#143  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#65  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablemaxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.tarantool.io
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997MicrosoftVK
Initial release20162015198420102008
Current release7.9.10.12, February 2024V122.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyesFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesTransact SQLLua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnonoyesyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingnoneSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, cooperative multitasking
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, write ahead logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTarantool
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