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DBMS > Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.15
Rank#70  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#8  Search engines
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitedgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.progress.com/­marklogicwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release2016201520011989
Current release11.0, December 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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More resources
DgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft SQL Server
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Conferences, events and webinars

Progress MarkLogic World
Washington DC, 23-25 September 2024 (finished)

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

Popular Open Source GraphQL Company Dgraph Secures $6M in Seed Round with New Leadership
20 July 2022, PR Newswire

Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

Dgraph raises $11.5 million for scalable graph database solutions
31 July 2019, VentureBeat

Graph Database Market size to grow by USD 7.40 billion between 2022 - 2027 | Growth Driven by Lack of standardization and programming flexibility - Technavio
13 December 2023, Yahoo Finance

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
26 May 2021, Business Wire

provided by Google News

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