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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Dgraph vs. GBase vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A widely adopted in-memory data gridDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.gbase.cnhazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldgraph.io/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDgraph Labs, Inc.General Data Technology Co., Ltd.HazelcastMicrosoft
Initial release20132016200420082010
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c5.3.6, November 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC, Java, PythonJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyesyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSynchronous replication via Raftyesyes infoReplicated Mapyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosno infoPlanned for future releasesyesRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaDgraphGBaseHazelcastMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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