DBMS > Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. searchxml

System Properties Comparison Dgraph vs. FoundationDB vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. searchxml

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters

It was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

DBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application server

Primary database model

Graph DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Native XML DBMS
Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	1.94
Rank	#129	Overall
	#12	Graph DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Native XML DBMS
	#25	Search engines

Website

dgraph.io

github.com/apple/foundationdb

janusgraph.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.searchxml.net/category/products

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.janusgraph.org

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.searchxml.net/support/handouts

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

FoundationDB

Linux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by Aurelius

Microsoft

informationpartners gmbh

Initial release

2016

2013

2017

1989

2015

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

0.6.3, February 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

1.0

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Clojure
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++

most other programming languages supported via APIs

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

on the application server

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes

Sharding

yes

depending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

sychronisation to multiple collections

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

multiple readers, single writer

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Domain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application services

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