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DBMS > Derby vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDF4J vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.RDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitedb.apache.org/­derbywww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgrdf4j.orgwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Sybase, SAP
Initial release199719891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20041993
Current release10.17.1.0, November 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++CJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
PHP
Python
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored ProceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Derby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMicrosoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
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