DBMS > Derby vs. IBM Db2 vs. LMDB vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. IBM Db2 vs. LMDB vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Key-value store

Document store

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.71
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	128.46
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	0.43
Rank	#264	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	645.54
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

db.apache.org/derby

www.ibm.com/products/db2

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

www.lmdb.tech/doc

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

IBM

Symas

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

1997

1983

host version

2011

2014

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

12.1, October 2016

0.9.32, January 2024

16.3, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Unix
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

JavaScript

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

none

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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