DBMS > Derby vs. DuckDB vs. Oracle vs. RocksDB vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Derby vs. DuckDB vs. Oracle vs. RocksDB vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.71
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

db.apache.org/derby

duckdb.org

www.oracle.com/database

rocksdb.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

duckdb.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Oracle

Facebook, Inc.

SAP

Initial release

1997

2018

1980

2013

2010

Current release

10.17.1.0, November 2023

0.10, February 2024

23c, September 2023

8.11.4, April 2024

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

C++ API
Java API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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