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DBMS > Datomic vs. etcd vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. etcd vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA distributed reliable key-value storeTime Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score0.07
Rank#375  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
opennms.github.io/­newtswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.cometcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
github.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCognitectOpenNMS GroupPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release201220141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.7075, December 20233.4, August 201916.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoJavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC
JSON over HTTP
HTTP REST
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes, watching key changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnononofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DatomicetcdNewtsPostgreSQL
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