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DBMS > Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle vs. Stardog vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used RDBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.55
Rank#144  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1286.59
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score1.93
Rank#121  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.48
Rank#107  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­databasewww.stardog.comgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.stardog.comdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftOracleStardog-UnionTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20122010198020102019
Current release1.0.7180, July 2024V1223c, September 20237.3.0, May 20203.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++C and C++JavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQLPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyesyes infovia event handlersyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-Clusteryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracleStardogTDengine
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a time-series database designed to help traditional industries overcome...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at Any Scale: With its distributed scalable architecture that grows...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and the Industrial IoT (IIoT) and particularly...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 23,000 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is free, open-source software released under the AGPLv3. TDengine Enterprise...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
DatomicMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracleStardogTDengine
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