DBMS > Datomic vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.36
Rank	#280	Overall
	#40	Key-value stores
	#129	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	1244.08
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

hive.apache.org

www.leanxcale.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Cognitect

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

LeanXcale

Microsoft

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2015

2016

1980

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

through Apache Derby

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C
Java
Scala

C#
Java
PHP

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

selectable replication factor

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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