DBMS > Datomic vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

www.datomic.com

www.harperdb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rocksdb.org

www.singlestore.com

Technical documentation

docs.datomic.com

docs.harperdb.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.singlestore.com

Developer

Cognitect

HarperDB

Microsoft

Facebook, Inc.

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

2012

2017

1989

2013

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

3.1, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.11.4, April 2024

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Node.js

C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

Linux
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes, using LMDB

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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