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DBMS > Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitewww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseravendb.net
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperCognitectGoogleMicrosoftHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2012200820102010
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023V125.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++C#
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)yesSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsusing Google App EngineTransact SQLyes
TriggersBy using transaction functionsCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using Paxosyes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
DatomicGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRavenDB
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