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DBMS > Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.49
Rank#79  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score78.40
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperCognitectGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release201220082010
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsusing Google App EngineTransact SQL
TriggersBy using transaction functionsCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication using Paxosyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DatomicGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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