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DBMS > Couchbase vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Couchbase vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.59
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.couchbase.comdgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.postgresql.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.couchbase.comdgraph.io/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperCouchbase, Inc.Dgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2011201620121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current releaseServer: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 202316.3, May 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
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Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangGoCC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++nonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures
Triggersyes infovia the TAP protocolnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesAutomatic ShardingyesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via Raftyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDoptimistic lockingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoEphemeral bucketsnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.no infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Couchbase infoOriginally called MembaseDgraphMicrosoft Azure Table StoragePostgreSQLTrafodion
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