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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.comsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftStardog-UnionSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2005201020102022
Current release3.3.3, December 2023V127.3.0, May 2020v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++JavaRust
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardogSurrealDB
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