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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseravendb.netwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlravendb.net/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftHibernating RhinosStardog-Union
Initial release2005201020102010
Current release3.3.3, December 2023V125.4, July 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++C#Java
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language (RQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQLyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRavenDBStardog
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