DBMS > CouchDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Document store

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.46
Rank	#51	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	4.15
Rank	#70	Overall
	#11	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#8	Search engines

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.18
Rank	#114	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	1.44
Rank	#152	Overall
	#14	Graph DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

www.progress.com/marklogic

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pouchdb.com

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

www.progress.com/marklogic/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

pouchdb.com/guides

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2005

2001

1989

2012

2017

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

11.0, December 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Erlang

C++

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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