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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CouchDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseWidely used RDBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.marklogic.comwww.oracle.com/­databasegithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.marklogic.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMarkLogic Corp.OracleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20132005200119802019
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 202311.0, December 202223c, September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangC++C and C++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoSQL92yes infowith proprietary extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceView functions in JavaScriptyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"MarkLogicOracleXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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