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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.postgresql.orgterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.postgresql.org/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release200520121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2018
Current release3.3.3, December 202316.2, February 202411.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageErlangCProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'user defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabasePostgreSQLTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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