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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Well established RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasesurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablefirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Actian CorporationMicrosoftSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release200520121974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20102022
Current release3.3.3, December 202311.2, May 2022V12v1.1.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangCC++Rust
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'yesTransact SQL
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0horizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Ingres Replicatoryes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleyesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Firebase Realtime DatabaseIngresMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSurrealDB
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