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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelDocument storeSearch engineDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerElasticGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release20052010201220102017
Current release3.3.3, December 20238.6, January 2023V126.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languagenoyesno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'Transact SQL
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesyes, with always 3 replicas availablereplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesES-Hadoop Connectornono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types

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CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"ElasticsearchFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDFox
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