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DBMS > CouchDB vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgduckdb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaserdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableduckdb.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20052018201020042014
Current release3.3.3, December 20230.10, February 2024V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++C++JavaScala
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptnoTransact SQLyesno
Triggersyesnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes, with always 3 replicas availablenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DuckDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
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