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DBMS > CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. Dgraph vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledgraph.io/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release20052016201020162017
Current release3.3.3, December 20232.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangGo.NET and CC++C
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
.NEThostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptnoyesTransact SQLuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyesnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0yeshorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via RaftyesSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseno infoPlanned for future releasesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DgraphGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTimescaleDB
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