DBMS > CouchDB vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PouchDB vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Distributed Database based on Lucene

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	0.71
Rank	#227	Overall
	#37	Document stores
	#5	Spatial DBMS
	#16	Search engines
	#19	Time Series DBMS
	#10	Vector DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	1.67
Rank	#143	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#65	Relational DBMS

Website

couchdb.apache.org

cratedb.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pouchdb.com

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

cratedb.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

pouchdb.com/guides

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Crate

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2005

2013

1989

2012

2008

Current release

3.3.3, December 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.1.1, June 2019

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Erlang

Java

C++

JavaScript

C and C++

Server operating systems

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

schema-free

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

yes

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions (Javascript)

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

View functions in JavaScript

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single document possible

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

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