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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.88
Rank#130  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2015201120101994
Current release24.1.0, May 20241.23, February 2021V1218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
CockroachDBLevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DB
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