DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. SQLite vs. Titan vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. SQLite vs. Titan vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#102	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

hive.apache.org

www.sqlite.org

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2015

2012

2000

2012

2017

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Public Domain

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

dynamic column types

yes

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Clojure
Java
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

none

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

selectable replication factor

none

yes

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Market metrics

2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache 2.0 license for the database
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