DBMS > CockroachDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Widely used RDBMS

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

google.github.io/lovefield

www.oracle.com/database

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.heavy.ai

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Cockroach Labs

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Google

Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2015

2016

2014

1980

2000

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

5.10, January 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

23c, September 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++ and CUDA

JavaScript

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

Round robin

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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