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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datomic.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.postgresql.orgwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datomic.comcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsCognitectIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTimescale
Initial release2015201220101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current release23.1.1, May 20231.0.6735, June 202316.3, May 20242.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureErlangCC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Clojure
Java
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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