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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score2.73
Rank#108  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datomic.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datomic.comcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsCognitectIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2015201220101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release23.1.1, May 20231.0.6735, June 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CockroachDB: A cloud-native, distributed SQL database designed for speed, scale, and survival. Get started for free today with a fully-managed CockroachDB cluster -- leave operations behind and get your app to market faster.Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureErlangC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Clojure
Java
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBDatomicIBM CloudantPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsCockroachDB is a cloud-native, distributed SQL database architected for modern applications....
» more
Competitive advantages- EFFORTLESS SCALE: Scale your applications, not operational complexity. CockroachDB...
» more
Typical application scenariosPayment processing, user account management, metadata management, identity access...
» more
Key customersComcast, DoorDash, Mythical Games, Norfolk Southern, Netflix, LUSH, Bose, Shipt,...
» more
Market metrics12K+ long-running clusters 25K+ CockroachDB self-hosted clusters 75K+ CockroachDB...
» more
Licensing and pricing models- Apache 2.0 for core features released up to and including the 19.1 release - Time-limited...
» more

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