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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.io
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2015200520121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2015
Current release23.1.1, May 20233.3.3, December 20231.0.6735, June 202316.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoErlangJava, ClojureCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnoyesBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peerspartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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